STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ITS EFFECT ON ANIMAL PRODUCTION: A REVIEW

Abstract

The structural design of animal housing is important in optimizing livestock health, productivity, and overall welfare. Properly designed housing protects animals from environmental stressors such as extreme weather, while improving comfort and reducing disease risks. This review explores the significance of structural design in animal production, particularly its impact on the production of high-quality raw materials like milk, meat, and eggs. Key factors such as space allocation, ventilation, flooring, lighting, and bedding are examined for their effects on animal health and productivity. The role of design in promoting animal welfare is highlighted, focusing on aspects like temperature regulation, air quality, and disease prevention. Additionally, the review discusses advancements in smart barns and energy-efficient housing solutions that integrate automated systems and data analytics for real-time monitoring of animal conditions. The benefits of using renewable materials and climate-responsive designs to reduce environmental impacts are also considered. By analyzing these elements, this paper emphasizes the importance of adopting efficient, sustainable design solutions that balance animal welfare, productivity, and environmental sustainability in modern animal farming practices.